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HDPE Pipe, Polyethylene (PE Pipe) are sorted by strength classified according to the intensity of the earlier technological developments. HDPE Pipe pressure classes that can be made between Pn4-Pn32 and the production of the desired diameter and size of HDPE pressure pipe system has undergone many tests in 1950, particularly in the carriage of drinking water. After the result of these tests of HDPE Pipe, if all reports are positive then it has no harmful effect on human life. One of today's most widely used pipe is HDPE piping systems which is  economical, easy in handling, efficient  performance, easy method of coupling. Is quite useful and is produced by Yuete.
 

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION OF HDPE PIPE (HIHG DENSITY POLYETHYLENE PIPE)

 

 

RAW MATERIAL OF POLYETHYLENE PIPE 

Polyethylene Pipe, Pe 32 class is developed in 1950 with improving technology  and low density. 3rd Generation PE 100 Polyethylene raw materials  are used in drinking water pipelines, desalination plants, biological treatment plants, swimming pool piping, sea discharge lines, gravity flow water lines, gas stations , irrigation lines, compressed air lines, cooling-heating lines, pre-insulated sheathing for pipes. Because Low Density Polyethylene Pipe is economical and has high-performance in many areas, such as sewer lines has been a solution. (C2H4) has the general formula of crude oil of 97% polyethylene and is a thermoplastic polymer as shown. The production of raw materials, entirely depends on the availability and price of crude oil. Polyethylene density  is divided into three main groups according to their crystalline structure percent.
• Low density polyethylene raw material (LDPE)
• Medium density polyethylene raw materials (MDPE)
• High density polyethylene raw materials (HDPE)



According to other types of raw materials as well as their field of high performance and long life due to the strength of economy most preferably 97% of the product which is used crude for the production of the polyethylene raw material. So the production of polyethylene raw materials, the availability and the price depends entirely on crude oil. It also has many superior properties compared to other thermoplastic polyethylene. The main ones are
* HDPE Pipe is resistant to weather conditions
* HDPE Pipe High resistance to tearing and pressure
* HDPE Pipe Despite high resistance to stress cracking
* HDPE Polyethylene Pipe -30 And -60 degree to strength
* High Density Polyethylene Pipe have corrosion resistance
* Easy and reliable assembly of HDPE Pipe
* In HDPE Pipes Lower level compared to metal pipe friction losses
* HDPE Pipes, Reduced flow noise
* Electrical full insulation, it is a good thermal insulation
* HDPE Pipes are non toxic.
* HDPE Pipe is suitable for radioactive waste.

Advantages of HDPE Pipes

HDPE pipes with a history of 60 years of technological developments that have positively influenced and until today has become one of today's most preferred tube.
• HDPE pipes; It maintains the general properties of the fluid inside.
• HDPE pipes; moss on hold due to the inner surface can be used in drinking water systems.
• HDPE pipes; Due to its chemical nature, it has a high resistance to chemicals.
• HDPE pipes; To take shape and slope of the sloping terrain by laying is very simple due to be flexible.
• HDPE pipes; Due to its high elasticity properties, for use in areas where a lot of seismic activity is very comfortable. It can orient itself according to the direction of movement of ground motion and does not break.
• HDPE pipes; Other types of pipes
• HDPE pipes; welding and assembly methods are very simple.
•HDPE pipes; Easy to carry because of the weight and thus shipping is cheap.
• HDPE pipes; It is highly resistant to acids and alkalis. Only damaged by nitric acid.
• HDPE pipes; Environmentally Friendly.
• HDPE pipes; Are not affected by underground, there is no refractive properties.
• HDPE pipes; it do Not conduct electricity.
• HDPE pipes; a good level of friction, wear and has a rustproof.
• HDPE pipes; It is strong against microorganisms.

 

2- Feild Assembly

2.1- Polyether Storage and Transport
2.2.1- Storage

After the production of HDPE pipe, there are some important points to be considered while the storage structures.
* Accumulation against the proposed measures should be taken and must be 1 meter in height.
* Coils are silos for the proposed arrangement. Silo is important not to disturb the balance in the individual coils received.
* Straight pipes should be arranged in horizontal rows and so it should stand from the bottom row to the top row angle. The shift of pipe supports should be avoided as well.

Of storage on top of the pipe:

• Pipes must be stored in a remote way of sharp objects in a horizontal plane.
• PE Pipe fittings in a closed manner, should be stored in the package.
• PE pipe and fittings waste water, dirt and soil contact must be avoided.

Transportation or shifting:

* Freezing or maintained at a lower temperature than PE pipes are becoming weak against shocks. Therefore pipes should not be reduced quickly by dragging on the ground, it's impact should be seen.
* Polyethylene Pipes with the handsaw when cutting and freezing bilateral assistance should be provided if done at a lower temperature may break or bend.
* Polyethylene pipe will be carried during the transport of the vehicle must be full length of the pipe in the pipe tools and should be hanged out.
* After the move is finished Polyethylene pipe absolutely must use ropes or chains when they are shifted down from the transport vehicle. pipe and fittings must not be thrown to the ground. Use forklifts or cranes use the recommended shifting method.

2.2- Sliding Support Renovation

2.2.1- The open (air) hinged flor

Intervals are restrained; laying line, the temperatures existing in the environment, size and characteristics of the pipe depends on the fluid properties. Usually need continuous support for small-scale Although intermittent bearings used.
Saddle bracket, the bottom of the tube 120 degrees (minimum) should be up bed. To prevent the bearing from damaging edge of the pipe must be taken to be pointed.
Supports formula used to calculate the range are as follows;

L = [(3840xExlxd / (5(Wp+Wf))1/4] / 100

Details;
L: Support Range (m)
E: Young's modulus (MPa)
l: the inertia of the pipe (cm4)
d: Permitted collapse (cm)
Wp: Pipe unit weight (kg / cm)
WF: The unit weight of the fluid (kg / cm)
EUR table of typical values PE 100 pipes for long periods of use
 

2.2.2 Burying Ground Floor

Soil pipe laying in the classic sense to dig, lay, off, requiring a very different and meticulous engineering of logic is a serious work. Terms and explanations that we give here will be the guidance that will enable us to have information on the matter. Making process of laying buried in the soil as it requires decisions should be made and given to the different application methods.
Materials and Processes on the pipe burial

Fitted foundation:

When you are finished digging needs to be done with enough strength on the ground if not the strengh should be made enough.

The layer/ground:

Ditch the ground state according to the required form to implement the process according to the flat level.

Primary and secondary fillers :

The height of the pipe from the ground Trench landfill is made to increase at least 15 cm. The fill tube that improves the quality and lifetime durability.

Primary Filler:

The quality of the material and application technique used in this section is very important. The diameter of the pipe rising from the bottom of the filler pipe is raised to 75%.

Secondary filler:

It is fuller of the distribution of load on top of the reason for making and maintaining the pipes against the play that may occur after the end filler. Place in case of rising to the level of underground water pipes and come in second if the first is filling more.

Last filler:

Although there is not too much of an effect on the structure of the HDPE pipe and pressed. To ride a solid filler pipe will reduce the upper end loads.
Last filler material and the compression paths, sidewalks, etc. structure/processing rules must be observed.

Installation Guidelines for PE Pipes

Workplace and the work to be done by engineers to consider the shape of the surface and it is difficult to determine that which part needs the reinforcement of the pipe. Specific guidelines for situations such as low soil depth is more than the thickness of the meat should be prepared. In general, it is sufficient that we understand the methods for general application. These applications are not installed to deep, on overload events, and are conditions that are sufficiently resistant to pressurize pipes. 

Simplified Application Methods for HDPE Piping

Most of the time an application is required for successful implementation of the following conditions successfully. steps occured by providing the following conditions;
1. The pipe diameter of 600 mm or less
2. SDR 26 or less
3. Fill size of between 0.75 m to 5 m
4- be at least 60 cm from the surface of the groundwater.

 

Simplified Installation Stages

Entrenchment:

Trench work is a risky method for employees trench collapse are likely to be in every land. That's why workers' health and life-threatening measures should be taken consideration. Trench edges must be kept at a safe angle. According to the recommended length trench laying pipe diameter and depth are included in our table below.

 

Protection from water:

Convenient and safe water level in a ditch must be made below the mouth of the tube. Water is necessary not to enter the pipe. The high water level should help dig wells or draw pump.

To tile curved pipe:

Flanges and fittings for connection to the pipe is rigid both before and after. The distance to the pipe diameter should be 5 to 100 times of bending radius.
Once settled into the ditch pipe may require the use of arch supports to protect. These supports must be removed without support after the last filling placed. 

Placing pipe trench:

200 mm in diameter and 9 kg / m is possible to lay the pipes weighing up manually, but for heavier pipe is certainly a need for suitable transport vehicles and equipment.  During insertion of tube pipe it should be taken into consideration that no one is around in order to minimize the danger. After the sun set in the heats expanded pipe into the trench it should then be allowed to cool and mechanical connections are provided. 

Primary filler:

The primary materials used in the filling of pipes in place should be put into place so as not to play and must be tightened. During this process it is fully seated and replace the pipe should be checked to enclose the filling pipes . This process is essential for using percussion and vibratory plate compactors.

From a different material than HDPE pipe fitting gasket transition:

When pressurized HDPE pipe remains under two different internal forces.
1. Gives cause environmental stress.
2. Twist and thrust tube are reflected as axial tensile stress at the end of the pipe. Axial tension to extend the neck of the tube to expand the diameter of environmental stresses, which may occur, this is the Poisson ratio when the process attempts to shorten the length. In HDPE pipe system keeps itself Briefly, and you do not need to take any measures against the push.

Embedding HDPE Fittings:

HDPE pipes and fittings do not need an extra push against the mounting pressure of being the only part of the reason. Then if the connection to muffle against the fixing process must be made to leave.  In HDPE pipe elastic deformation will occur in situations such as thermal expansion valve, etc., but will not damage the movement caused by the movement of the parts to add an undue burden on the pipe. Here, a sealant made of suitable process reveals the quality of the filling process to the circuit that prevents excessive load.  TA distinctions, the same filler pipe fittings for masts and other general sufficient. A special material made of PE compression process for service connections can not be realized.  T is a need for consolidation and elbow of sand and cement. recent fill the excavated material can be used in the materials, but unsuitable material in order for it must be extracted. This filler pipe assembly operations should be carried out immediately after the end. Thus, the possible impact of the pipe will be protected from cold weather conditions over the case and hook up.